Validation of a Conceptual Model of Cognitive Skills and Academic Performance among Science Department Students in Colleges of Basic Education in Iraq

Abstract

Abstract:
Introduction: Given the importance of identifying and developing cognitive skills and academic performance, validating extracted conceptual models is essential.

Method: The aim of this study was to validate a conceptual model of cognitive skills and academic performance among students of the Science Department in Colleges of Basic Education in Iraq. This research employed a quantitative design and was conducted using a descriptive-survey method. The statistical population consisted of all Science Department students in the Colleges of Basic Education in Iraq, totaling approximately 12,000 individuals. Based on Cochran’s formula, a sample size of 384 students was selected using a non-random sampling method. Data collection was carried out through a researcher-made questionnaire comprising five components. SPSS and AMOS software were used to validate the conceptual model. The questionnaire demonstrated high validity in the quantitative phase.

Findings: The results of confirmatory factor analysis using AMOS software indicated that the proposed model of required competencies for students had an acceptable fit. Fit indices such as RMSEA = 0.043, CFI = 0.942, and χ²/df = 2.357 supported the model's acceptability. All main factors—management and planning, learning and data analysis, interaction and collaboration, use of technology and resources, and personal and motivational growth—had significant factor loadings above 0.5, confirming the construct validity. These results support the structural validity of the model and suggest that the extracted framework is applicable in designing educational programs for students in the Science Departments of Colleges of Basic Education in Iraq.
Conclusion: The findings confirm the satisfactory fit and factorial structure of the proposed model. This model can serve as a foundation for developing educational programs and policymaking in the domain of cognitive skills and academic performance for Science Department students in Iraqi Colleges of Basic Education.